初中英语知识点总结归纳人教版

九年级英语复习---语法讲解（1-8单元）

Unit1

By是个很常用的介词（有时也用作副词），在初中英语中的用法有以下几种： 1.意为“在……旁”、“靠近”。如： Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞，有的在湖边画画儿。 2.意为“不迟于”、“到……时为止”。如： Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲？ 3.表示方法、手段，可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。如： The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.

猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.

孩子的父亲是那么的感激，于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 4.表示“逐个”、“逐批”的意思。如： One by one they went past the table in the dark.

他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。5.表示“根据”、“按照”的意思。如：What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6.和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。如： I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 7.用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由”等。如： English is spoken by many people. 英语被许多人所说。（即“许多人讲英语。”） 8.组成其它短语。 1) by the way : 意为“顺便说”、“顺便问一下”，常做插入语。如： By the way , where’s Li Ping , do you know?

顺便问一下，李平在哪儿。你知道吗？ 2) by oneself : 意为“单独”、“自行”。如： I can’t leave her by herself. 我不能把她单独留下。 3) by and by : 意为“不久以后”、“不一会儿”。如： But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 但是不久以后，越来越多的人开始学英语了。

二、动名词的构成动词后加动名词doing，相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语定语等。1）★作主语（这种用法常考）

Fighting broke out between the South and the North.南方与北方开战了。2）作宾语Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?

请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗？3）作表语Babysister’s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。保姆的工作是洗衣服，作饭和照看孩子。

Unit2

used to 的用法：（1）肯定句：used这个词没有人称的变化，to后面接动词原形。

否定句是didn’t use to….

When I was a child, I didn’t use to like apples.当我还是孩子的时候我不喜欢苹果.

疑问形式是Did you use to…?Where did you use to live before you came here?当你来这儿之前你住哪儿？

（2）含有used to 的句子的反意疑问句不要usedn’t + 主语，而用didn’t ＋ 主语。He used to smoke, didn’t he?　 他过去常常吸烟，是吗？Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t.是的，他吸。/ 不，他不吸。

（3）used to 表示过去的习惯动作， 而不是现在的。I am used to the weather here. 我已经习惯于这里的天气了。He is used to hard work. 他习惯于艰苦的工作。

（4）used to 可以和be, have 以及其他状态动词连用，描写过去的状态。 I used to be a waiter, but now I’m a taxi-driver.我过去是一个服务员，但现在我是出租车司机。

★ 本单元的许多运用used to 的句子属于描述过去的状态。Mario used to be short.　马力奥过去总是很矮。Amy used to be outgoing.　爱米过去性格外向。Tina used to have long and straight hair.蒂娜过去有一头直的长头发。He used to wear black shoes. 他过去常穿黑鞋。

Unit3

本单元重点讲到了被动语态的用法英语动词的被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be有时态，人称和数的变化，其变化规则与连系动词be完全一样。

一、被动语态的句式变化： 以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：

二、各种时态的被动语态结构总结如下：　被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。一般现在时的被动语态为：主＋am / is / are （not）＋过去分词一般过去时的被动语态为：主＋was / were ＋过去分词

例如：我们学过的was / were born 生于，就是一个被动语态.born是个过去分词（bear）－When were you born ? －I was born in 1989. 现在进行时被动语态的构成为: 主语＋is / am / are + being ＋过去分词

现在完成时被动语态的构成为: 主语＋have / has ＋been ＋过去分词

情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词＋be＋过去分词

一般将来时的被动语态: 主语＋will ＋be ＋过去分词

过去将来时的被动语态: 主语＋would / should + be ＋过去分词

过去进行时的被动语态: 主语＋was / were + being ＋过去分词

过去完成时的被动语态: 主语＋had + been +过去分词

三、被动语态的用法：（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by＋动作执行者短语 Football is played widely all over the world. 全世界都广泛地踢足球。

（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。The bank was robbed yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。

（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in the USA.

据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。

四、主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是：（1）把原句中的宾语变为主语（2）动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词（3）原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面，如果没必要，可省略。请看下表:

主动语态 被动语态

They make trains in Zhuzhou． They use this key for locking the classroom door．Many people speak English．He wrote a letter．They are building a road． Trains are made in Zhuzhou．This key is used for locking the classroom door(by them)．English is spoken by many people．A letter was written by him．A road is being built (by them)．

Unit4

虚拟语气：如果我们所说的不是事实，也不是要求、命令、劝告等，而只是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想就用虚拟语气

注意：条件句分两种，真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟（非真实）条件句中，才用虚拟语气，而在真实条件句中，要用陈述语气。

请比较：

（1）If it is sunny tomorrow , we’ll go to the zoo.

如果明天天气好，我们将会去公园。在这句话中，明天天气好是完全有可能实现的，并非虚拟、幻想，因此是真实条件句。在本句中，适用“主将从现。”

（2）If I were you , I would go at once.

（如果我是你的话，我立刻就走。）在这句话中，条件句，“如果我是你”，但事实上，我不可能成为你，这只是假设的情况，没有实现的可能。当条件实现的可能性很小，甚至可以说没有时，就需要用虚拟语气来表示，动词发生了变化。

也就是说虚拟语气表示和现实的事实相反时，从句用一般过时。

主句用 “should/would/could/ might +动词原形。

1.If I had time, I would go for a walk.

2.If I were invited, I would go to the dinner party.

3.If I won a million dollars in the lottery, I would put it in the bank.

知识点2. He doesn’t know if he should bring a present.

此处if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句。Should此处表示“应该”。不是虚拟语气。

E.g.1. I don’t know if I should go to the party.

2.If I have enough money, I will go to Hainan .

知识点3.If I were you , I’d wear a shirt and tie.

if 引导的条件状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时，be动词只能用were，而不能用was。

E.g. If he were here, he would not agree with you .

知识点4. I don’t have a present. What if everyone else brings a present?

What if… “如果……怎么办？”相当于 what would happen if…

E.g. What shall I do if it snows?

知识点5.Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble.

Trouble 麻烦事 ,名词

常用搭配 ：get (sb)into trouble get out of trouble what’s the trouble

“if”引导的条件句。

Unit5

It must be--- (肯定是,100%)

It might/could be… (有可能,20-80%)

It can’t be… (肯定不是,0%)

程度 肯定句 否定句 疑问句

must ★ ★ ★ ★ √

may ★ ★ ★ √ √

might

/could ★ ★ √

√

√

√

can’t

can ★ √

√

1. --- Whose book is this?

--- It must be Mary’s. (肯定; 一定)

It must belong to Mary.

2. --- Whose French book is this?

--- It could be Ali’s. She studies French. (可能)

3. The hair band might belong to Linda.

might be Linda’s. (可能)

4. The T-shirt can’t be John’s. (不可能)

It’s much too small for him.

练习：1. --- Whose pen is this?

--- It ____ Liu Mei because I saw her use it the other day.

A. can’t be B. might be C. must belong to

2. That’s a piece of good news. They ___ glad to hear that.

A. can be B. might be C. must be D. can’t be

3. Mary ______ be in Paris. I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.

A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. may not

Unit6

定语从句

1. who 指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）

The man who I talked with is our teacher.

A person who steals things is called a thief.

2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)

The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.

The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.

3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)

These are the trees which were planted last year.

This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.

Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?

Is this the library from which you borrow books?

4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）

A plane is a machine. It can fly.→A plane is a machine that can fly.

He is the man. I told you about him. →He is the man (that) I told you about.

The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.

↓

The scientist ? we met yesterday is very famous in the world.

who

whom

that

The dress is new. She is wearing it.

↓

The dress that she is wearing is new.

which

?

(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.

↓

He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.

who

whom

?

This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.

↓

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

?

在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：

1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此， 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。

2 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whom（作宾语），whose（作定语）

3 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）

4 再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whom，指物时，介词后只用which。

5 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用who，指物时，只用which。

1．定语从句中that与who、which的区别

2．定语从句中关系词的省略

典型例题

1. The first job ________I found was to be a cleaner.

A. where B. why C. which D. that

解析：指事物的先行词前有序数词修饰时，只能用关系代词that。故本题的正确答案是D。

2. I don’t think history is as interesting as English.（改为同义词）

I think history is ___________ interesting _________ English.

解析：答案是：less; than。意思是“我认为历史不如英语有趣”。

3. The woman who is wearing the hat is my mother.（改为同义句）

The woman ________ the hat is my mother.

解析：读题后可知：上句含义是“戴帽子的那个妇女旭我的妈妈”，对应下句，可知空格处应填“戴”，故正确答案是in。

选择填空

1. The poor boy ________ lost both his parents last year is called Mike．

A．which B．what C．who D．／

2. The bridge ________ has been there for nearly fifty years still looks nice．

A．which B．what C．／ D．who

3. I’m one of the students _______well in English in my class．

A．who does B．who do C．which does D．who did

4. Is this factory ________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A．that B．where C．which D．the one

5. All______ they have done is good for us．

A．what B．which C．why D．that

Unit7

表达意愿的几个基本句子

a. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.

b. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.

c. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.

d. _______ _______ _________ go to France some day.

答案：a. I hope to b. I’d like to c. I’d love to d. I want to

She would like to go to New York. （对划线部分提问）

答案：Where would she like to go?

注意：where在本句中为副词，go后面不能再加to，而Which city would she like to go to? 中which为代词。

九年级英语复习---语法讲解(Units8-15)

Unit8

1、短语动词小结

常见短语动词结构有下面几种：

1.动词+副词 如：give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜

这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放 在短语动词后。

2. 动词+介词 如：listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于

这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。

3. 动词+副词+介词 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完，耗尽

4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住

2、倒装句

not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分

(1)引导以 not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。

因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒装句。也是说得要

把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：

①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好。

⑵Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如：

①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。

②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。

常见的就近原则的结构有：

Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)

Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。

Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)

Either Lily or you are a student.

Not only …but (also)…

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八年级人教版上册英语知识点总结

初中英语八种时态归纳复习

1.一般现在时:主语+do/does(现在分词) We clean the room every day.

一般现在时：do(n't)/does(n't)

2.一般过去时:主语+did We cleaned the room just now.

一般过去式：did(n't)+V.原

3.现在进行时:主语+am/is/are doing We are cleaning the room now.

现在进行时：am(not)/is(n't)/are(n't)+V.ing

4.过去进行时:was/were doing .We were cheaning the room at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.

过去进行时：was(n't)/were(n't)+V.ing

5.现在完成时: have/has done We have cleaned the room already.

现在完成时：have(n't)/has(n't)+过去分词（p.p.)

6.过去完成时: had done We had cleaned the room before he arrived.

过去完成时：had+p.p.

7.一般将来时: will do/ We will clean the room tomorrow.

一般将来时：will(not)+V.ing / is(n't)/are(n't)+going to +V.原

8.过去将来时: was/were to /would do He said he would clean the room next

过去将来时：would(n't) / was(n't)/were(n't)+V.原

动词不定式：to+V.ing

一、 一般现在时：

概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month．．．），once a week，on Sundays，etc．

基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：① am ／is ／are ＋not；②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词 do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时：

概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month．．．），in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，etc．

基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：① was／were ＋not；②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放在句首；②用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时：

概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now，at this time，these days，etc．

基本结构：am／is／are ＋doing

否定形式：am／is／are ＋not＋doing

一般疑问句：把be动词放在句首

四、过去进行时：

概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语：at this time yesterday，at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构：was／were ＋doing

否定形式：was／were ＋not＋doing

一般疑问句：把was或were放在句首

五、现在完成时：

概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语：recently，lately，since．．．，for．．．，in the past few years，etc．

基本结构：have／has ＋done

否定形式：have／has ＋not＋done

一般疑问句：have／has放于句首

六、过去完成时：

概念：以过去某一时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

时间状语：before，by the end of last year（term，month．．．），etc．

基本结构：had ＋done

否定形式：had ＋not＋done

一般疑问句：had放于句首

七、一般将来时：

概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year．．．．），soon，in a few minutes，by．．．，the day after tomorrow，etc．

基本结构：①am／is／are／going to ＋do；②will／shall＋do

否定形式：①am／is／are ＋not＋going to ＋do；② will／shall＋not＋do

一般疑问句：①be放于句首；② will／shall提到句首

八、过去将来时：

概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语：the next day（morning，year．．．），the following month（week．．．），etc．

基本结构：①was／were／going to ＋do；② would／should ＋do

否定形式：①was／were／not＋going to ＋do；②would／should ＋not＋do

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would／should提到句首

这是初中的全部语法内容！初二初三都能用上！加油！下次抽测你一定ok！

1. be absent from…. 缺席，不在

2. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉

3. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on

4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有

5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解

6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely) 安全地,

7. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地

8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致

9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地

10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据

11. on one’s own account

1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益

2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责

3) (=by oneself)依靠自己

on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.

12. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

13. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由)

14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.

15. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.

16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)

17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告

18. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉

19. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

20. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

21. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)

22. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之

23. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外

24. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循

25. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的

26. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;

27. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.

28. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.

29. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.

30. have an advantage over 胜过.

have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件

have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

31. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.

32. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意

33. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致

34. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前.

35. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.

36. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.

37. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计

38. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;

all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.

39. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.

40. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.

41. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.

42. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.

43. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for

44. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉

45. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力

46. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用.

47. apply to 与…有关;适用

48. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准

49. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.

50. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…

51. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);

52. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻

53. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.

54. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结

55. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…

56. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料

57. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法

58. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果

59. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均

60. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.

61. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面

62. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.

63. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台

64. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃

65. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)

66. be based on / upon 基于

67. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上

68. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢

69. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)

70. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义

71. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.

72. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.

73. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)

74. for the better 好转

75. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.

76. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生

77. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上

78. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)

79. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机

80. boast of (or about) 吹嘘

81. out of breath 喘不过气来

82. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之

83. in bulk 成批地,不散装的

84. take the floor 起立发言

85. on business 出差办事.

86. be busy with sth.忙于某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

87. last but one 倒数第二.

88. last but not least最后一点但也是最重要的一点

89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设

90. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买

91. be capable of 能够, 有能力

be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的

92. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何

93. in case (=for fear that) 万一;

94. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一

in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

95. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)

96. be cautious of 谨防

97. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上

98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.

99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地

100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然

101. for a change换换环境(花样等)

102. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…

103. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事)

in the charge of …由…管

104. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)

105. charge…for 因…索取(费用) , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…

106. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地

高考书面表达必背词组 (1)

首先，尤其重要的，最重要的 above all

偶然，无意中 by accident

对（于）…很积极 be active in

合计为 add up to

承让错误 admit one’s mistake

接受某人的建议 take / follow one’s advice

就…提出建议 give advice on

建议某人做某事 advice sb. to do sth.

后天 the day after tomorrow

毕竟；终究 after all

违心 against one’s will

在…岁时 at the age of

实现目标 achieve one’s aim

在空中；悬而未决 in the air

在户外，在露天里 in the open air

在机场 at the airport

火警 the fire alarm

满腔怒火 be filled with anger

因某人之言行而生气 be angry at sth.

生某人的气 be angry with sb.

通知 make an announcement

相继地，按顺序地 one after another

相互，彼此（三者或三者以上之间）one another

相互（指两者之间）each other

没有回答 give no answer

为…而担心 be anxious about

急于做某事 be anxious to do sth.

分开住 live apart

除了 apart from

因某事向某人认错或道歉 make/offer an apology to sb for sth.

与某人争论某事 argue with sb. about sth.

放在一边 lay sth. aside

请某人指点 / 帮助 ask sb. for advice / help

惊讶于… be astonished at sth.

以前，曾经 at one time

注意 pay attention to

对…抱正确的态度 take a correct attitude towards sth.

引起（注意，兴趣等） attract one’s attention

仰卧／仰泳 lie / swim on one’s back

重感冒 a bad cold

两件行李 two pieces of baggage

保持／失去平衡 keep / lose one’s balance

在舞会上 at the ball

洗冷水澡 have / take a cold bath

阵亡 be killed in battle

在海滩 on the beach

整理床铺 make the bed

以…开始 begin with

在…起始，开始 at the beginning of

自始自终 from beginning to end

形成…局面；产生 come into being

安全带 a safety belt

三思而后行 Second thoughts are best.

尽力，尽最大的努力 do / try one’s best

高考书面表达必背词组 (2)

尽量利用，善用 make the best of

一切顺利，万事如意 all the best

黑体地，粗体地 in bold

出身于农民家庭 be born in a peasant’s family

鞠躬 make a bow

动动脑子 use one’s brains

打破纪录 break the record

深吸一口气 take a deep breath

屏息；憋住气 hold one’s breath

上气不接下气 out of breath

刷牙 brush one’s teeth

突然哭起来 burst into tears

突然一阵大笑 a burst of laughter

要不是 but for

呼救声 a call for help

保持镇静（别慌） keep calm

保持安静（别吵） keep quiet

保持不动（别动） keep still

保持沉默（别说话） keep silent

夏令营 a summer camp

去野营 go camping

情不自禁… can'not help doing

打牌 play cards

照顾，保管 take care of

医疗护理 medical care

假若那样的话 in that case

以防万一 in case

下倾盆大雨 rain cats and dogs

赶上（或超过） catch up with

偶然 by chance

免费 free of charge

主管，在掌管之下 in charge

由…负责 in the charge of

掌管，负责 take charge

高兴起来 cheer up

童年时 in one’s childhood

挑选，选择 make a choice

圣诞节时 at Christmas

去做礼拜 go to church

烟头 cigarette end

为…鼓掌 give sb. a clap

接近 get close to

一块桌布 a table cloth

一套衣服 a suit of clothes

童装 children’s clothing

集邮 collect stamps

产生，发生 come about

（偶然）遇见或发现 come across

走过来；长出，发芽，上升；抬头 come up

共同，共有 in common

参加比赛 compete in a contest

举办音乐会 give a concert

条件是 on condition that

祝贺某人 congratulate sb. on sth.

高考书面表达必背词组 (3)

相反地 on the contrary

失控 out of control

与…谈话；交谈 have a conversation with sb.

在…期间／过程中 in / during the course of

被…覆盖 be covered with

因某事和某人发脾气 be cross with sb. at sth.

划掉 cross out

对…残忍 be cruel to sb.

立方米 cubic meter

对…感到好奇 be curious about sth.

对…造成巨大损害 do great damage to

处境危险 in danger

过时 out of date

在不久前，前几天 the other day

对…充耳不闻 be deaf to sth.

对付，应付 deal with

负债 in debt

还清债务 out of debt

做出决定 make a decision

做好事 do good deeds

付诸行动，生效 do the deed

直到深夜 deep into the night

沉思 deep in thought

深夜 deep into the night

毫不耽搁，立刻 without delay

迟迟未做某事 delay doing sth.

发表（演说等） deliver a speech

满足要求 meet the demands

外语系 foreign language department

百货商店 department store

难以形容 beyond description

决心做某事 be determined to do sth.

随着工业的发展 with the development of industry

献身于，致力于 devote oneself to

处于灭亡的危险中 be in danger of dying out

没作用，没影响 make no difference

做…有困难，难以… have difficulty in doing sth.

应邀赴宴 be invited to dinner

向四面八方 in all directions

做出新的发现 make a new discovery

正在讨论中 under discussion

洗盘子 wash dishes

在远方，在远处 in the distance

对…冷淡 be distant toward sb.

对…有益 do good to

做坏事，犯罪 do wrong

挨门挨户 from door to door

隔壁的 next door

下楼 go downstairs

到市区去 go downtown

缓慢前进，拖延 drag one’s feet

催人泪下 draw tears from sb.

渴望做某事 dream of doing sth.

在墙上钻孔 drill a hole in the wall

高考书面表达必背词组 (4)

赶走 drive off

使某人发狂 drive sb. mad

挣钱 earn money

谋生 earn one’s living

究竟 on earth

别着急，别紧张，放松些 take it easy

对…有很大影响 have a great effect on

努力做某事 make efforts to do sth.

鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.

量入而出；使收支相抵 make ends meet

美满的结局 a happy ending

说英语的国家 English-speaking countries

报名比赛 enter oneself for a contest

剧场的入口 the entrance to the theater

在除夕 on New Year’s Eve

虽然，即使 even if / even though

时事 current events

参加考试 have / take an examination

进行体格检查 carry out a medical examination

考试及格 pass an examination

为…树立榜样 set an example to sb.

做早操 do morning exercises

产生，成立 come into existence

摸某人的脉 feel one’s pulse

觉得想做… feel like doing sth.

伤害某人的感情 hurt one’s feelings

春节 the Spring Festival

发高烧 have a high fever

科学领域 the field of science

五十多岁时 in one’s fifties

关键人物 a key figure

填写表格 fill in the form

刹那间 in a flash

一场大洪水 a big / great flood

扫地 sweep the floor

在三层 on the third floor

三层楼的建筑 a building of three storeys

正在开花 be in flowers

放（风筝等） fly a kite

糊里糊涂 in a fog

欺骗，愚弄某人 make a fool of sb.

在山脚下 at the foot of the mountain

空军 the air force

靠武力，强行 by force

用很大力气 with great force

对外贸易 foreign trade

养成好习惯 form a good habit

碰碰运气 try one’s fortune

每四个一组（一批）；四个四个地 in fours

常客 a frequent visitor

新手 a fresh hand

同…交朋友 make friends with

那时起 from then on

不时地，时常 from time to time

高考书面表达必背词组 (5)

不劳而不获。 No pains, no gains.

做游戏 play games

代沟 generation gap

开始认真（做某事） get down to sth.

陷入麻烦 get into trouble

有音乐天分 have a gift for music

用尽，耗尽，筋疲力尽 give out

朝…看了一眼 take a glance at

向人瞪眼，怒目而视 glare at

（灯，火）熄灭 go out

复习功课 go over the lesson

进了一个球 score a goal

犯语法错误 make mistakes in grammar

懂某人的意思 grasp one’s meaning

勿踏草地 keep off the grass

养成…的习惯 get into the habit of

用手 by hand

分发 hand out

一方面…另一方面… on the one hand…on the other hand

少量的 a handful of

过幸福生活 live a happy life

损害，伤害 do harm to

一个好收成 a good harvest

保持镇静 keep one’s head

身体好 in good health

记住某事 learn / know sth. by heart

紧握某物 keep a tight hold on sth.

握住；抓住 catch / take / get hold of

趾高气扬 hold one’s head high

暑假 the summer holidays

休假 on holiday

为（向）… 表示敬意；为了纪念… in honour of

对某人抱很大希望 have high hope for sb.

怀着…的希望 in the hope of doing sth.

住院 be in hospital

大约一小时 an hour or so

挨饿 go hungry

打猎 go hunting

匆匆忙忙 in a hurry

不知道 have no idea

但愿，要是…就好了 if only

给某人留下好印象 make a good impression on sb.

慢慢前进 inch one’s way forward

患难之交才是真朋友。 A friend in need is a friend indeed.

告诉某人某事 inform sb of sth

坚持要做 insist on doing

视察工厂 inspect a factory

激动人心的演讲 an inspiring speech

急需帮助 in instant need of help

打断谈话 interrupt a conversation

介绍信 a letter of introduction

收到请帖 receive an invitation

邀请信 a letter of invitation

讲笑话 tell a joke

考书面表达必背词组 (6)

和某人开玩笑 play a joke with sb.

旅行 make a journey

使某人高兴的是 to one’s joy

不可以貌取人 Don’t judge a man by his looks.

初中 a junior high school

正在那时 just then

与…保持联系 keep in touch with

使…不进入… keep out of

成功的秘诀 the key to success

踢门 kick the door

踢掉鞋子 kick off one’s shoes

跪下 go down / fall on one’s knees

敲门 knock at the door

最迟，至迟 at the latest

迟早 sooner or later

哈哈大笑起来 burst into laughter

违（守）法 break / obey the law

制定一条法律 make a law

和某人开玩笑 play a joke with sb.

旅行 make a journey

使某人高兴的是 to one’s joy

不可以貌取人 Don’t judge a man by his looks.

初中 a junior high school

正在那时 just then

与…保持联系 keep in touch with

使…不进入… keep out of

成功的秘诀 the key to success

踢门 kick the door

踢掉鞋子 kick off one’s shoes

跪下 go down / fall on one’s knees

敲门 knock at the door

最迟，至迟 at the latest

迟早 sooner or later

哈哈大笑起来 burst into laughter

违（守）法 break / obey the law

制定一条法律 make a law